Datasets:
id stringlengths 20 20 | type stringclasses 2
values | question stringlengths 71 3.56k β | prompt listlengths 1 11 β | options unknown | answer_idx stringclasses 13
values | rubrics listlengths 3 48 β | teacher_response stringlengths 1.7k 17.4k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
onepo_medical_000001 | multiple_choice | Which is the most impoant sign of significance of renal aery stenosis on an angiogram? | null | {
"A": "Presence of collaterals",
"B": "A percentage diameter stenosis > 70%",
"C": "Post-stenotic dilatation of the renal aery",
"D": "A systolic pressure gradient > 20 mm Hg across the lesion"
} | A | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about the most important sign of significance of renal artery stenosis (RAS) on an angiogram.
1. **Analyze the question:** "Which is the most important sign of significance of renal artery stenosis on an angiogram?"
* Context: Diagnosis/Significance... |
onepo_medical_000002 | multiple_choice | During a physiology practical, two students debate what actually starts force generation in skeletal muscle fibers after cytosolic Ca2+ rises. Which statement is the most accurate explanation for the initiation of contraction in skeletal muscle? | null | {
"A": "Ca2+ initiates contraction by activating myosin ATPase before any thin-filament regulatory change occurs.",
"B": "Ca2+ starts contraction by causing depolymerization of actin, exposing myosin-binding sites.",
"C": "Ca2+ binds to troponin, shifting the thin-filament regulatory complex so myosin can interac... | C | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about the mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction initiation.
1. **Analyze the question:**
* **Context:** Physiology practical.
* **Scenario:** Two students debate what starts force generation in skeletal muscle fibers after cytosolic Ca2+ ri... |
onepo_medical_000003 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 45-year-old patient with a known history of hypothyroidism presents with acute disorientation, aphasia, urinary incontinence, and new-onset status epilepticus that is refractory to standard first-line and second-line antiepileptic therapy. Infectious, metabolic, and toxic wor... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Identifies Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE), also known as steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), as the primary suspected diagnosis.",
"points": 6
},
{
"criterion": "Notes that Hashimoto encephalopathy is largely a diagnosis of exclusion requi... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the suggested response:
1. **Analyze the Request:**
* **Patient Profile:** 45-year-old, known hypothyroidism.
* **Presentation:** Acute disorientation, aphasia, urinary incontinence (cognitive/behavioral/motor), new-onset status epilepticus (SE) refractory t... |
onepo_medical_000004 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 53-year-old man with a history of uncontrolled hypertension presents to the emergency department with acute neurological deterioration. On exam, he is semi-comatose (GCS 5), intubated, with an 8-mm right pupil and a 3-mm left pupil; pupillary light reflexes are bilaterally ab... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Recommends emergent neurosurgical intervention (e.g., craniotomy and decompressive tumor resection/hematoma evacuation) to alleviate life-threatening elevated intracranial pressure and brain herniation.",
"points": 8
},
{
"criterion": "Notes the preoperative differential diagnoses fo... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the suggested response:
1. **Analyze the Request:**
* **Patient Profile:** 53-year-old man, uncontrolled HTN.
* **Presentation:** Acute neuro deterioration, semi-comatose (GCS 5), intubated, anisocoria (8mm right, 3mm left, absent reflexes).
* **Imagin... |
onepo_medical_000005 | multiple_choice | A 58-year-old woman in the preoperative holding area receives an intravenous infusion of cefazolin prior to elective knee arthroplasty. Her home medications include metoprolol succinate, sacubitril-valsartan, and atorvastatin. Within 8 minutes of starting the infusion, she develops diffuse urticaria, wheezing, and ligh... | null | {
"A": "Administer vasopressin",
"B": "Administer diphenhydramine and famotidine",
"C": "Administer tranexamic acid",
"D": "Administer dexamethasone",
"E": "Administer calcium gluconate",
"F": "Withhold metoprolol and continue supportive monitoring",
"G": "Start methylene blue infusion",
"H": "Initiate ... | K | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about the management of anaphylaxis in a patient with specific comorbidities.
1. **Analyze the Clinical Scenario:**
* **Patient:** 58-year-old woman.
* **Setting:** Preoperative holding area.
* **Trigger:** IV cefazolin (antibiotic) prio... |
onepo_medical_000006 | multiple_choice | An 8-month-old girl is evaluated for poor weight gain and gross motor delay. Physical examination shows marked pallor and diffuse hypotonia. Laboratory evaluation demonstrates:
- Hemoglobin: 6.2 g/dL
- Mean corpuscular volume: 114 fL
- Leukocyte count: 3,900/mmΒ³
- Platelet count: 135,000/mmΒ³
- Serum vitamin B12: 480 p... | null | {
"A": "Iron supplementation",
"B": "Pyridoxine supplementation",
"C": "Cobalamin supplementation",
"D": "Administration of arginine",
"E": "Folate supplementation",
"F": "Erythropoietin therapy",
"G": "Hydroxyurea therapy",
"H": "Thiamine supplementation",
"I": "Administration of leucovorin",
"J": ... | L | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a medical multiple-choice question.
1. **Analyze the Patient Profile:**
* **Age/Sex:** 8-month-old girl.
* **Presentation:** Poor weight gain (failure to thrive), gross motor delay.
* **Physical Exam:** Marked pallor (anemia), diffuse hypotonia.
* **Labs:**
... |
onepo_medical_000007 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 64-year-old man with recently diagnosed early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) presents for a follow-up consultation. He reports a history of chronic constipation that preceded his resting tremor and bradykinesia by nearly a decade. Having recently started carbidopa-levodopa, h... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Identifies alpha-synuclein misfolding, oligomerization, and aggregation into Lewy bodies/neurites as the hallmark pathology of Parkinson's disease.",
"points": 5
},
{
"criterion": "Distinguishes the 'gut-first' (body-first) subtype from the 'brain-first' subtype of Parkinson's diseas... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the response:
1. **Analyze the Request:**
* **Patient Profile:** 64-year-old man, early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently diagnosed. History of chronic constipation (preceded motor symptoms by ~10 years). Started carbidopa-levodopa.
* **Question:** Ho... |
onepo_medical_000008 | multiple_choice | A hospital infectious disease team is consulted on two postoperative patients on day 7 following broad-spectrum treatment for complicated intra-abdominal sepsis who both developed profuse watery diarrhea and tested positive for toxigenic Clostridioides difficile.
β’ Patient 1 is hemodynamically stable with a WBC count ... | null | {
"A": "Fidaxomicin 200 mg PO 2 times per day",
"B": "Fidaxomicin 200 mg PO 2 times per day + metronidazole 500 mg PO three times per day",
"C": "Rifaximin 550 mg PO three times per day",
"D": "Tigecycline 100 mg IV loading dose, then 50 mg IV twice daily",
"E": "Vancomycin 125 mg PO 4 times per day + metroni... | G | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about the treatment of *Clostridioides difficile* infection (CDI) in a specific clinical scenario.
1. **Analyze the Clinical Scenario:**
* **Context:** Two postoperative patients, day 7, broad-spectrum antibiotics, complicated intra-abdominal sepsis... |
onepo_medical_000009 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 76-year-old woman presents with acute left-sided sensory and motor deficits that were initially managed as a lacunar ischemic stroke. However, over three weeks her deficits progress, accompanied by new neuropsychological impairment. Follow-up brain MRI shows progression with ... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Identifies the central nervous system diagnosis as Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JC virus reactivation.",
"points": 5
},
{
"criterion": "Identifies the underlying hematologic diagnosis as early-stage plasmacytoma or smoldering multiple myeloma.",
"poi... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the suggested response:
1. **Analyze the Request:**
* **Patient Profile:** 76-year-old woman.
* **Presentation:** Acute left-sided sensory/motor deficits (initially thought lacunar stroke). Progression over 3 weeks. New neuropsych impairment.
* **Imagi... |
onepo_medical_000010 | multiple_choice | Type of pericarditis in tuberculosisa) Hemorrhagicb) Constrictivec) Fibrinousd) Serofibrinous | null | {
"A": "ac",
"B": "ab",
"C": "ad",
"D": "bc"
} | B | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about the type of pericarditis associated with tuberculosis.
1. **Analyze the question:** "Type of pericarditis in tuberculosis". This asks for the pathological classification of pericarditis caused by TB.
2. **Recall medical knowledge about TB pericardi... |
onepo_medical_000011 | multiple_choice | All among the following radioisotope are used as permanent implant except: | null | {
"A": "Iodine-125",
"B": "Palladium-103",
"C": "Gold-198",
"D": "Caesium-137"
} | D | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about radioisotopes used in permanent implants.
1. **Analyze the question:** "All among the following radioisotope are used as permanent implant except". This means I need to identify the radioisotope that is *not* typically used for permanent brachythera... |
onepo_medical_000012 | multiple_choice | A patient is known alcoholic since last 20 yrs, suddenly he develops restless tremors, agitation. Diagnosis ? | null | {
"A": "Delirium tremens",
"B": "Psychosis",
"C": "Wernicke's encephalopathy",
"D": "Kursakoff's syndrome"
} | A | null | <think>
The user wants me to answer a multiple-choice question about a medical condition.
1. **Analyze the clinical vignette:**
* **Patient Profile:** Known alcoholic since last 20 years (chronic alcoholism).
* **Presentation:** "Suddenly he develops restless tremors, agitation".
* **Context:** This... |
onepo_medical_000013 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 56-year-old man diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) six months ago presents to the neuromuscular clinic for follow-up. He recently initiated riluzole 50 mg twice daily. He has mild early bulbar symptoms (slight dysarthria, occasional coughing when swallowing th... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Explains that Coenzyme Q10 (even at high doses such as 1200β3000 mg/day) failed to demonstrate functional benefit or survival prolongation in randomized controlled trials for ALS.",
"points": 3
},
{
"criterion": "Notes that creatine monohydrate failed to demonstrate efficacy in impro... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the suggested response:
1. **Analyze the Request:**
* **Patient Profile:** 56-year-old man, ALS diagnosis (6 months ago).
* **Current Treatment:** Riluzole 50 mg BID.
* **Symptoms:** Mild early bulbar (dysarthria, coughing on thin liquids/large pills),... |
onepo_medical_000014 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 48-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a 3-day history of progressively worsening diffuse headache, nausea, and blurry vision. He has a history of poorly controlled primary hypertension but stopped taking his prescribed amlodipine and lisinopril 6 months ag... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Classifies the presentation as a hypertensive emergency (or malignant hypertension) based on severe blood pressure elevation accompanied by acute, progressive target-organ damage.",
"points": 4
},
{
"criterion": "Distinguishes hypertensive emergency from hypertensive urgency, noting ... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the suggested response:
1. **Analyze the Clinical Vignette:**
* **Patient:** 48-year-old man.
* **Presentation:** 3-day history of worsening diffuse headache, nausea, blurry vision.
* **History:** Poorly controlled primary HTN, stopped meds (amlodipine... |
onepo_medical_000015 | open_ended | null | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 17-year-old male presents with a 6-month history of progressive mid-thoracic back pain that is dull, aching, worse at night, and only minimally responsive to ibuprofen. Over the past two weeks, he has noticed progressive bilateral lower extremity weakness and brisk patellar r... | null | null | [
{
"criterion": "Identifies osteoblastoma (or spinal osteoblastoma with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst) as the most likely primary diagnosis.",
"points": 5
},
{
"criterion": "Includes aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in the differential diagnosis.",
"points": 2
},
{
"criterion": "Includes osteo... | <think>
Here's a thinking process that leads to the suggested response:
1. **Analyze the Clinical Vignette:**
* **Patient:** 17-year-old male.
* **Presentation:** Progressive mid-thoracic back pain (6 months), dull/aching, worse at night, minimally responsive to NSAIDs. New progressive bilateral lower ext... |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
β‘ Introduction
OnePO-Medical-20K is the medical RL dataset released with OnePO, containing 20,338 medical tasks across multiple languages.
- One stage, no preceding SFT. OnePO adapts pretrained models to medicine through a single reinforcement-learning stage.
- Two complementary task types. Multiple-choice questions provide verifiable answers. Open-ended conversations provide scoring rubrics.
- Teacher guidance included. Each task includes a HuatuoGPT-3 response for guidance during training.
π What's inside
| Task type | Samples | How responses are scored |
|---|---|---|
| Multiple-choice | 10,191 | Match the selected option against the correct answer. |
| Open-ended | 10,147 | Assess the response against weighted rubric criteria. |
Data file: onepo_medical_20K.json β a JSON array with one record per task.
| Fields | Description |
|---|---|
id, type |
Unique ID and task type: multiple_choice or open_ended. |
question, options, answer_idx |
Multiple-choice question, labeled options, and correct option label. |
prompt, rubrics |
Open-ended conversation and scoring criteria, each with criterion and signed points. |
teacher_response |
Teacher-generated response for training guidance. |
Fields that do not apply to a task are null. Teacher responses can be replaced with outputs from another teacher model.
π Usage
Load directly from Hugging Face:
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("FreedomIntelligence/OnePO-Medical-20K", split="train")
print(dataset[0])
To train with OnePO, follow the repository setup, then point TRAIN_FILE to the downloaded JSON:
TRAIN_FILE=/path/to/onepo_medical_20K.json bash OnePO.sh
π Citation
@inproceedings{chen2026onepo,
title={OnePO: Direct One-stage Policy Optimization for SFT-free Domain Adaptation},
author={Chen, Junying and Xie, Xinyuan and Li, Ziniu and Wang, Benyou},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Machine Learning},
year={2026}
}
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